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目的:在置入非堵塞性输精管过滤装置(IVD)6年后,以直视钳穿法(NSV)为对照,评估IVD在男性避孕方面的长期有效性和安全性。方法:回访6年前100例IVD和50例NSV受试者,统计两组避孕成功情况并比较精子消失率和并发症发生率。结果:IVD组有95例(95%)受试者成功回访,NSV组有44例(88%)受试者成功受访,所有受试者配偶未出现术后怀孕,IVD组精液中检查到精子且精子浓度≥5×106/ml 8例,占8.42%(8/95),87例未检测到精子,占91.58%(87/95);而NSV组2例检查到精子,占4.55%(2/44),42例未检查到精子,占95.45%(42/44),两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。IVD组的并发症发生率11.58%,NSV组的并发症发生率4.55%,两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:现有的IVD的避孕效果不比传统NSV差,且未因植入IVD而增加术后并发症,IVD在男性避孕方面安全、有效。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of IVD in male contraception, 6 years after insertion of non-clogged vas deferens (IVD), using direct view clamp (NSV) as a control. Methods: A total of 100 IVD patients and 50 NSV patients were retrospectively reviewed six years ago. The contraceptive success was compared between two groups and the incidences of sperm loss and complication were compared. RESULTS: Ninety-five (95%) subjects in the IVD group were successfully interviewed. Forty-four (88%) of the participants in the NSV group were successfully interviewed and none of the spouses of the participants had postoperative pregnancies. IVD semen 8 cases (8.42%, 8/95) with sperm and sperm concentration≥5 × 106 / ml, 87.5% (87/95) were undetectable in 87 cases, while sperm were detected in 2 cases in NSV group (4.55% (2/44), 42 cases did not detect sperm, accounting for 95.45% (42/44). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The incidence of complication in IVD group was 11.58%, and that in NSV group was 4.55%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The contraceptive efficacy of current IVDs is no worse than that of traditional NSVs and no postoperative complications are associated with IVD implantation. IVD is safe and effective in male contraception.