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The design and analysis of special type beamformer, the Butler matrix, to achieve orthogonal beamforming networks is presented in this paper. A 4×4 microstrip planar array antenna is assumed to simulate a 4×4 Butler matrix to demonstrate orthogonal beamforming and beam steering. The dimensions of rectangular patches in the planar array are chosen according to the Dolph Chebyshev current distribution in order to minimize the side lobe level ratio for a given value of beamwidth. The simulations are carried out using an antenna design and analysis software PCAAD . It is shown that orthogonal beams can be formed to cover about 163° angle with a constant beam crossover level and high directivity.
The design and analysis of special beamformer, the Butler matrix, to achieve orthogonal beamforming networks is presented in this paper. A 4 × 4 microstrip planar array antenna was assumed to simulate a 4 × 4 Butler matrix to demonstrate orthogonal beamforming and beam steering. The dimensions of rectangular patches in the planar array are chosen according to the Dolph Chebyshev current distribution in order to minimize the side lobe level ratio for a given value of beamwidth. The simulations are carried out using an antenna design and analysis software PCAAD. It is shown that orthogonal beams can be formed to cover about 163 ° angle with a constant beam crossover level and high directivity.