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在美国和牙买加,b型流感杆菌是儿童细菌性脑膜炎的主要致病菌之一,不同年份它所占的比例分别为40.6％、66％、33.04％,经抗菌素治疗后,虽然病死率大大减少,但神经系统后遗症如精神发育迟缓、耳聋、失明、脑积水、癫痫等却占相当大的比例(约30～50％)。流感杆菌脑膜炎的发病率:5岁以下儿童占90％,最高发病率的年龄组是婴儿期(6～8个月)。最近20年,对b型流感杆菌菌苗已经进行大量的研制和临床试验,但这些菌苗对2岁以下的婴幼儿
In the United States and Jamaica, type b influenza bacilli is one of the major bacterial pathogens in children with bacterial meningitis, accounting for 40.6%, 66% and 33.04% of the total in different years. After antibiotic treatment, the mortality rate was significantly higher However, the nervous system sequelae such as mental retardation, deafness, blindness, hydrocephalus, epilepsy and so on account for a large proportion (about 30 to 50%). The incidence of influenza bacilli meningitis: 90% of children under the age of 5, the highest incidence of the age group is infants (6 to 8 months). In the recent 20 years, a great deal of development and clinical trials have been conducted on influenza B bacilli, but these vaccines have been effective for infants under 2 years of age