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八、明清时代明清两朝共历543年。明代商品经济有很大发展,货币交易频繁,有了资本主义的萌芽,手工业生产者摆脱了元朝工奴身份,社会生产力得到了一定程度的解放。漆工艺在这种有利的环境下,生机勃勃。漆器原料供不应求,促使漆树种植业大发展。在漆器制造方面,则出现了如明代髹漆巨匠黄成在《髹饰录》序言所说的“于此千文万华,纷然不可胜识矣”的漆器繁荣新局面。清朝是一个长达近300年的中央集权大国,尤其是康熙、雍正、乾隆各朝,国力强盛,经济繁荣,社会安定,漆工艺也有较大发展。明清两代漆工艺的成就,王
Eight, Ming and Qing Dynasties Ming and Qing dynasties a total of 543 years. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a great development of commodity economy, frequent currency transactions, and the sprout of capitalism. Handicraft producers got rid of the status of workers and workers of the Yuan Dynasty and social liberation gained a certain degree of liberation. Paint process in this favorable environment, vibrant. Lack of supply of lacquer raw materials, prompting the great development of lacquer planting. In the manufacture of lacquer ware, there emerged a new situation of lacquer ware such as Huang Cheng, the great painter in the Ming Dynasty, who said in his preface to the book, “In this thousand Wenhua, uncontrollably”. The Qing Dynasty was a centralized country for nearly 300 years. Especially the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong dynasties enjoyed strong national power, economic prosperity, social stability and great progress in paint technology. Ming and Qing Dynasties two generations of paint technology achievements, Wang