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中国近现代以来的人文与社会科学研究易犯“形式主义谬误” ,它发端于西学输入和民族救亡之中 ,生长于西方的科学主义、唯理性主义、逻辑决定主义、实证主义 ,尤其是逻辑实证主义的推波助澜。在汉语言学术界里 ,黄展骥先生自六十年代以来就致力于在非形式逻辑的界域里 ,分析和探索悖论与谬误之解决之途 ,从而也势必将矛头指向“形式主义”谬误 ;而林毓生先生则在人文与社会科学研究的领域内 ,首先界定了“形式主义”谬误。本文则立于以中国近现代的人文与社会科学研究为论域 ,对它的种种类型与表现作出新的界定和阐述。
It is easy to make “fallacy of formalism” in the study of humanities and social sciences in modern China since it originated in the input of Western culture and national salvation. It is also characterized by scientism, rationalism, logical determinism, positivism, especially logic Positivism fueled. In the Chinese language academia, Mr. Huang Zhanji, since the 1960s, devoted himself to analyzing and exploring the solution of paradoxes and fallacies in the non-formal logic domain, so that he also must point his finger at “formalism” fallacies; Mr. Lin Yusheng first defined the fallacy of “formalism” in the field of humanities and social sciences research. This essay is based on the study of humanities and social sciences in modern China as its domain, and makes a new definition and explication of its various types and manifestations.