目的：调查肾母细胞瘤中ｐ５３基因突变，探讨ｐ５３基因突变与肾母细胞瘤发生的关系。方法：采用ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ分析结合ＤＮＡ直接测序对肾母细胞瘤病人手术标本进行ｐ５３基因第２～１１外显子的突变筛查。结果：２５例肿瘤标本中未检出缺失，７例显示有ＳＳＣＰ电泳迁移率的改变，其中３例经序列分析证实为错义突变，１例合并一同义突变。结论：ｐ５３基因突变涉及肾母细胞瘤的发生 Objective: To investigate the mutation of p53 gene in nephroblastoma and explore the relationship between p53 gene mutation and nephroblastoma. Methods: Mutations of exons 2-11 of p53 gene in surgical samples of nephroblastoma were screened by PCRSSCP combined with DNA direct sequencing. Results: No deletion was detected in 25 cases of tumor samples. Seven cases showed changes of SSCP electrophoretic mobility. Three of them were confirmed as missense mutation by sequence analysis and one case of synonymous mutation. Conclusion: The mutation of p53 gene is involved in the development of nephroblastoma