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目的了解初中留守孩生活现状及心理特点。方法选取福建省福清市初中留守孩356名,采用青少年生活事件量表(A SLEC)测查工具,对留守初中生遭遇的生活事件进行研究。结果①父母外出在国内的初中留守孩遭遇的生活事件严重程度的平均水平略高于父母外出国外的初中留守孩(t=2.162);由亲戚,尤其是其他人代养的初中留守孩遇到的人际问题多些;②在学习压力事件方面,交由亲戚代养的初中留守孩学习压力事件比父母一方、尤其是爷爷奶奶代养的初中留守孩要多些;③在来自健康方面的生活事件,留守初中生极其显著地多于非留守的初中生(t=3.839,P<0.01)。并且,父母都外出的留守初中生遭遇的来自健康的生活事件极其显著的多于父母外出一方的留守初中生(t=-3.568,P<0.01);与父母一方或爷爷奶奶一起生活的初中生留守孩遭遇的健康生活事件极其显著的少于与亲戚或其他人代养的留守孩(P<0.01)。结论初中留守孩在人际关系、学习压力等方面存在一定的问题,并对学习成绩、身心健康等产生影响,初中留守孩的生活现状有待进一步的改善。
Objective To understand the status quo and psychological characteristics of left-behind children in junior middle school. Methods 356 left-behind children from junior middle school in Fuqing City of Fujian Province were selected to study the life events of left-behind junior high school students using the A SLEC test tool. Results ① The average severity of life events experienced by left-behind children of parents who went abroad was slightly higher than that of their left-behind children (t = 2.162) who were in junior high schools. Relatives, especially those left behind by junior high school, More interpersonal problems; ② in the study of stressful events, relatives of junior high school left-behind children to learn to stress than the parents, especially the grandparents adopted junior high school left-behind children to be more; ③ from the health aspects of life In the incident, there were significantly more left-behind junior high school students than non-left-behind junior high school students (t = 3.839, P <0.01). In addition, the number of left-behind junior high school students living with parents who went out to health was significantly higher than that of their parents (t = -3.568, P <0.01); junior high school students living with their parents or grandparents Left-behind children experienced significantly fewer healthy life events than left-behind children who were nourished with relatives or others (P <0.01). Conclusion The junior middle school left-behind children have some problems in interpersonal relationship and study pressure, and have an impact on their academic performance, physical and mental health. The status quo of the left-behind children in junior high schools needs to be further improved.