AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of chemoem-bolization alone or chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC),including oxaliplatin(OXA),5-fluorouracil(5-FU) and folinic acid(CF),in inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) without distant metastasis. METHODS: Eighty-four inoperable HCC patients were enrolled. Thirty-ninepatient sunderwent chemoembolization alone,and the other 45 patients underwent chemoembolization + HAIC(OXA/5-FU/CF) treatment non-randomly. The progression free survival(PFS),objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR) and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: A significant difference in the ORR was observed between the chemoembolization alone and chemoembolization + HAIC groups. There was no statistically significant difference in DCR between the two groups. The median PFS(m PFS) showed a significant difference between the two groups. For patients with BCLC stage A/B disease,with or without vessel invasion,the chemoembolization + HAIC group showed better m PFS when compared to chemoembolization alone,but no significant difference was found in patients with BCLC stage C disease. The parameter of pain(grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) in the chemoembolization + HAIC group was increased statistically. CONCLUSION: Chemoembolization combined with HAIC with OXA/5-FU/CF may be safe and more effective than chemoembolization alone for inoperable HCC patients without distant metastasis. AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of chemoem- bolization alone or chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), including oxaliplatin (OXA), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (CF) (HCC) without distant metastasis. METHODS: Eighty-four inoperable HCC patients were enrolled. Thirty-ninepatient sunderwent chemoembolization alone, and the other 45 patients underwent chemoembolization + HAIC (OXA / 5- FU / CF) treatment non-randomly selected. The progression free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups .RESULTS: A significant difference in the ORR was observed between the chemoembolization alone and chemoembolization + HAIC groups. There was no significant significant in DCR between the two groups. The median PFS (m PFS) showed a significant difference between the two groups. For patients with BCLC stage A / B disease, with or without ves sel invasion, the chemoembolization + HAIC group showed better m PFS when compared to chemoembolization alone, but no significant difference was found in patients with BCLC stage C disease. The parameter of pain (grade III-IV) in the chemoembolization + HAIC group increased statistically. CONCLUSION: Chemoembolization combined with HAIC with OXA / 5-FU / CF may be safe and more effective than chemoembolization alone for foroperable HCC patients without distant metastasis.