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目的了解宜兴市高中生生长发育及常见病患病状况,为有针对性地对在校高中学生进行健康指导提供依据。方法对2013年宜兴市8所高中9 991名高一和高二学生进行健康体检,将数据整理后进行统计分析。结果宜兴市高中学生生长发育总体状况良好,无论男女,城市学生的身高、体重均值都大于乡村学生:城市男生平均身高高于乡村男生(t=6.25,P<0.01),城市女生平均身高高于乡村女生(t=9.256,P<0.01),城市男生平均体重大于乡村男生(t=4.445,P<0.01),城市女生平均体重大于乡村女生(t=4.077,P<0.01)。学生常见病患病率较高,检出率从高到低依次是视力不良(95.24%)、龋齿(14.9%)、肥胖(14.02%)、营养不良(7.37%)、血压偏高(6.02%)、脊柱异常(0.87%)和心脏异常(0.78%)。而常见病检出率在城乡、性别之间差异多有统计学意义。结论高中学生的常见病检出率较高,需要通过有针对性的措施控制常见病的发生和发展。
Objective To understand the growth and development of common high school students and their prevalence in Yixing City, and to provide the basis for the targeted guidance of health guidance for high school students in Yixing. Methods A total of 9 991 freshmen and sophomore high school students from 8 high schools in Yixing City in 2013 were inspected for physical examination, and the data were collected for statistical analysis. Results The average height and weight of urban students in both urban and rural areas were significantly higher than that of rural students. The mean height of urban boys was higher than that of rural boys (t = 6.25, P <0.01). The mean height of urban girls was higher than that of urban boys The average weight of urban boys was higher than that of rural boys (t = 4.445, P <0.01). The average weight of urban girls was higher than that of rural girls (t = 4.077, P <0.01). The prevalence rate of common diseases was high, the detection rate was 95.24%, caries (14.9%), obesity (14.02%), malnutrition (7.37%) and high blood pressure (6.02% ), Abnormal spine (0.87%), and abnormal heart (0.78%). The detection rate of common diseases in urban and rural areas, gender differences were statistically significant. Conclusion High prevalence of common high school students detection rate, the need for targeted measures to control the occurrence and development of common diseases.