1、序言细小弥散分布的高强第二相粒子的存在可使一种金属的力学行为产生极大的变化。特别是低温时的屈服应力和加工硬化速度提高,在高温时许多其它类型的强化方法已失去效力而这些第二相粒子,只要它们不溶解或粗化就仍将是位错运动的有效障碍。此外,这些粒子可能抑制再结晶,从而使位错结构的强化效果保持到高温。由于这些重要的位错交互作用都限于非常明确的地点,即这些粒子处,对这些交互作用的研究就比在单相材料的情况下更经得起实验的检验。现在,我们有可能(至少在一些简单的情况下)借助位错与粒子的交互作用对一些二相合金力学性能的某些重要方面进行解释。在本文中,将主要考虑那些在基体变形时自身不产生形变的粒子,而且只考虑低温行为。尤其是本文要涉及的是位错与粒子交互作用的机制,而对这样一些材料的屈服或加工硬 1, Preface The presence of finely dispersed high-strength second-phase particles can make a great change in the mechanical behavior of a metal. In particular, yield stress and work hardening rates at low temperatures are increased, and many other types of strengthening processes at high temperatures have become ineffective and these second phase particles will remain effective dislocations as long as they do not dissolve or coarsen. In addition, these particles may inhibit recrystallization so that the reinforcing effect of the dislocation structure is maintained to a high temperature. Since these important dislocation interactions are limited to very specific locations, where these particles are located, the study of these interactions is more experimental than the one-phase material. It is now possible (at least in some simple cases) to explain certain important aspects of the mechanical properties of some two-phase alloys by means of the interaction of dislocations with the particles. In this paper, we will mainly consider those particles that do not deform themselves when the substrate is deformed, and consider only the behavior at low temperature. In particular, this paper deals with the mechanism of dislocations interacting with particles, while yielding or machining of such materials