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目的:探讨种植体周围炎患者龈沟液(GCF)中微小RNA-146a(miR-146a)、miR-155表达及其与骨吸收的关系。方法:选择2015年10月至2018年12月于本院口腔科就诊种植体周围炎患者80例80颗种植体为疾病组，另取同期复查种植体周围健康者80例80颗种植体为对照组，采用吸潮纸尖采集受检牙GCF，采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测GCF中miR-146a、miR-155表达水平，采用X线片检测种植体周围牙槽骨吸收量，采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测GCF中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)等炎症因子水平，采用Pearson法分析GCF中miR-146a、miR-155表达水平及与骨吸收量、IL-1β、TNF-α、OPN水平的相关性。结果:疾病组探针深度PD(4.56±0.73)mm、菌斑指数(PLI)(2.21±0.44)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)(2.69±0.32)、骨吸收量(1.86±0.34)、GCF中miR-146a水平(2.46±0.43)、miR-155水平(4.20±0.57)、IL-1β水平(75.48±10.29)ng/ml、TNF-α水平(54.16±9.23)ng/ml、OPN水平(252.41±42.03)pg/L均显著高于对照组[(1.47±0.26)mm，(1.02±0.19)，(0.94±0.21)，(0.47±0.09)，(0.97±0.16)，(1.03±0.21)，(44.52±8.14)ng/ml，(21.45±4.27)ng/ml，(181.91±36.28)pg/L](n P<0.05)。Pearson分析结果显示，种植体周围炎患者GCF中miR-146a与miR-155水平互呈正相关(n P<0.05)，其分别与骨吸收量、IL-1β、TNF-α、OPN水平均呈正相关(n P<0.05)。n 结论:龈沟液中miR-146a、miR-155高表达，二者呈正相关，可能通过机体炎症反应影响种植体周围炎患者骨吸收发生。“,”Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-146a and miR-155 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with peri-implantitis and their relationships with bone resorption.Methods:80 implants of 80 patients with peri-implantitis from October 2015 to December 2018 were selected as the disease group and 80 implants of 80 peri-implant healthy persons checked at the same time were selected as the control group. The GCF of the examined teeth was collected with moisture absorbent paper tips; the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-155 in GCF were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR); the alveolar bone absorption around the implant was measured by X-ray; the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), osteopontin (OPN) in GCF were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Pearson method was used to analyze the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-155 in GCF and their correlations with bone resorption, IL-1β, TNF-α and OPN levels.Results:Compared with control group, probe depth (PD) (4.56±0.73)mm, plaque index (PLI) (2.21±0.44), sulcus bleeding index (SBI) (2.69±0.32), bone resorption (1.86±0.34), and miR-146a (2.46±0.43), miR-155 (4.20±0.57), IL-1β (75.48±10.29)ng/ml, TNF-α (54.16±9.23)ng/ml and OPN levels (252.41±42.03)pg/L in GCF were significantly higher than those in the disease group [(1.47±0.26)mm, (1.02±0.19), (0.94±0.21), (0.47±0.09), (0.97±0.16), (1.03±0.21), (44.52±8.14)ng/ml, (21.45±4.27)ng/ml, (181.91±36.28)pg/L] (alln P<0.05). Pearson analysis showed that the levels of miR-146a and miR-155 in GCF of patients with peri-implantitis were positively correlated (n r=0.558, n P<0.05), and they were correlated with bone resorption, IL-1β, TNF-α and OPN levels respectively (n r=0.554, 0.606, 0.521, 0.499; 0.515, 0.653, 0.585, 0.542; all n P<0.05).n Conclusions:MiR-146a and miR-155 are highly expressed in gingival crevicular fluid, which are positively correlated, and may affect bone resorption in patients with periimplantitis through inflammatory reaction.