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[目的]评估上海市政府倡导的全民控盐干预项目对居民用盐量的影响。[方法]采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2008年抽取2 960户家庭,共6 886名15~69周岁的上海市常驻居民为研究对象,在发放计量盐勺前(基线)及发放后1、6及12个月(后称“1个月”、“6个月”、“12个月”)时入户调查家庭盐勺使用情况、“三日”用盐量以及居民的一般情况和血压。先后4次随访时,家庭掌勺者均为同一人的家庭称为固定掌勺者家庭,共2 255户。[结果]2 255户固定掌勺者家庭中,计量盐勺第1、6、12个月的一直使用率为62.79%(1 416/2 255)、46.47%(1 048/2 255)、41.15%(928/2 255)。家庭人均用盐量基线时为7.13 g,干预后1、6、12个月分别下降到6.67、6.04、6.38 g,各调查时点家庭人均用盐量的差异有统计学意义(F=43.03,P<0.000 1)。在1、6、12个月时,固定掌勺者家庭人均用盐量明显少于非固定掌勺者家庭(均P<0.05);非固定掌勺者家庭人均用盐量变化较大。计量盐勺持续使用与否的两组家庭12个月的平均用盐量下降值比较,差异均无统计学意义(全部家庭:F=0.16,P=0.690 8;固定掌勺者家庭:F=0.80,P=0.372 1)。[结论]由政府倡导、用计量盐勺作为工具对上海居民进行全民控盐干预后一年来,达到了家庭人均用盐量下降的目的。
[Objective] To evaluate the effect of the universal salt control intervention project initiated by the Shanghai municipal government on the salt consumption of residents. [Methods] A total of 6 886 permanent residents aged from 15 to 69 in Shanghai were enrolled in 2 960 households in 2008 using the multi-stage random sampling method. Before the release of the measuring salt spoon (baseline) and after issuing 1 , 6 and 12 months (hereinafter referred to as “1 month ”, “6 months ”, “12 months ”) household survey household salt spoon usage, “three days ” Salt levels and the general condition of the residents and blood pressure. Four follow-up visits, the families are the same person who is the same person as a family of fixed spoon spoon, a total of 2 255 households. [Results] Among 2 255 households with fixed spoon spoon, the usage rate of salt spoon in the 1st, 6th and 12th month was 62.79% (1 416/2 255), 46.47% (1 048/2 255) and 41.15% (928/2 255). The per capita salt consumption per capita was 7.13 g, and the average salt consumption per household was significantly lower at 6.67, 6.04 and 6.38 g after 1, 6 and 12 months of intervention (F = 43.03, P <0.000 1). At 1, 6 and 12 months, the per capita salt consumption of the households with fixed spoon spoon was significantly less than that of the non-permanent spoon spoon household (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups of 12-month average salt consumption (P = 0.690 8 for all households: F = 0.80 , P = 0.372 1). [Conclusions] One year after the government started to use salt scoop as a tool to control the population in Shanghai, it reached the aim of decreasing salt consumption per capita.