民用建筑在城镇和农村发展较快。盖新屋，改旧屋，屋顶保温隔热问题易被忽视。按传统工艺，屋顶盖瓦或制水泥平台。前者施工繁，造价贵，还被淘汰；后者保温效果差，冬暖夏凉的要求难达到，且屋内采暖能耗大。我国已制定节能规划，1990～2000年要求使新建民用建筑的采暖能耗降 Civil buildings are developing rapidly in urban and rural areas. Covering new houses, changing old houses, and roof insulation problems are easily overlooked. According to traditional techniques, roof tiles or cement platforms. The former has complicated construction and is expensive; it is also eliminated; the latter has poor insulation effect, and it is difficult to achieve the requirements of warm winter and cool summer, and the energy consumption of heating in the house is large. China has formulated an energy-saving plan, and requested that the heating energy consumption of newly-built civil buildings be reduced from 1990 to 2000