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为研究黄淮南片小麦产量构成三要素对产量影响的相对重要性,对黄淮南片2011~2012年度冬水组试验的28个小麦品种(系)的产量及产量构成因素进行相关分析和通径分析。结果显示,产量构成因素的变异系数大小顺序为千粒重>穗粒数>有效穗,产量构成因素与产量的相关程度为有效穗>穗粒数>千粒重;偏相关分析显示产量构成因素与产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数顺序为有效穗>穗粒数>千粒重,有效穗与穗粒数、穗粒数与千粒重呈极显著负相关;产量构成因素对产量的直接通径系数都为正值,顺序为穗粒数>有效穗>千粒重。结果表明,黄淮南片高产小麦的选育在种质创新程度上偏低,产量水平稳定在6 500~9 000kg/hm2。根据黄淮南片小麦生态条件特点,应该选育多穗型品系,提高穗粒数,增加千粒重。
In order to study the relative importance of the three factors affecting the yield of wheat in Huang-Huainan South Section, the yield and yield components of 28 wheat cultivars (lines) in the trial run of Huanghuainan from winter to winter in 2011-2012 were analyzed and compared analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of yield components was in the order of 1000-grain weight> grains per spike> effective spike. The correlation between yield components and yield was effective spikes> grains per spike> 1000-grain weight. Partial correlation analysis showed that yield components and yield were extremely The correlation coefficients were significantly and negatively correlated with the order of effective spikes> number of spikes per ear> 1000-grain weight, effective spikes and spikes per spike, number of spikes per spike and 1000-grain weight. The direct path coefficients of yield components to yield were positive, The order of spikelets> effective spike> 1000-grain weight. The results showed that the yield of high-yielding wheat in Huanghuainan southern section was low at the level of germplasm innovation, and the yield level was stable at 6 500 ~ 9 000 kg / hm2. According to the characteristics of Huanghuainan southern wheat ecological conditions, should be breeding more spike-type lines, increase grains per spike, increase 1000-grain weight.