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目的了解腹泻病入户调查地区人群基本特征及卫生条件。方法用整群随机抽样的方法进行抽样,对抽中的社区和村屯所有常住居民共2万余人用统一的调查表进行入户调查。结果共调查了5951户(20576人),城区占49.39%,农村占50.61%。在城区及农村老年人口系数分别为9.33%及12.02%,少年儿童系数分别为14.84%及17.25%。城区住户使用封闭式化粪池(97.48%)、水冲式(99.15%)厕所为主,97.48%使用县级或以上供应的自来水;农村56.34%的住户使用封闭化粪池厕所,29.61%使用旱厕,72.64%使用井水。城区和农村分别有35.73%及16.63%的住户备有土霉素和氟哌酸等常用药。家庭月均收入在城市和农村分别为1768.2元和840.6元;月均支出分别为1214.0元和589.2元。结论感染性腹泻流行的隐患仍然存在,应进一步提高群众对腹泻病防制及合理用药的意识。
Objective To understand the basic characteristics and hygiene conditions of the population in the household survey of diarrhea. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used for sampling. More than 20,000 residents of all the residents and residents in the community were surveyed with a unified questionnaire. Results A total of 5951 households (20576 people) were surveyed, accounting for 49.39% in urban areas and 50.61% in rural areas. The coefficient of the elderly population in urban areas and rural areas was 9.33% and 12.02% respectively, and the coefficient of children and adolescents was 14.84% and 17.25% respectively. Residents in urban areas use closed septic tanks (97.48%), water-flush toilets (99.15%), tap water with 97.48% at county level or above, closed septic tank toilets in 56.34% of rural households, and 29.61% Aqueduct, 72.64% use well water. In urban areas and rural areas, 35.73% and 16.63% of tenants were provided with commonly used drugs such as oxytetracycline and norfloxacin. The average monthly household income was 1,768.2 yuan and 840.6 yuan respectively in cities and rural areas; the average monthly expenditure was 1,214.0 yuan and 589.2 yuan respectively. Conclusion The hidden dangers of infectious diarrhea still exist, and the public should be further aware of the prevention and rational use of diarrhea.