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目的 分析河南省传染性非典型肺炎的流行病学和临床学特征,为制定科学有效的预防控制措施提供依据。方法 采用个案调查方法,通过询问、检查及查阅病案的方式,收集临床诊断病例的人口学、流行病学和临床学的有关资料。结果 河南省疫情始于2003年4月16日,共发生临床诊断病例16例(1例由山西上报卫生部),其中13例为输入病例;发病时间集中在4月份;病例呈散发型。临床表现,发热是16个病人都具有的症状,最高体温达40℃,最低38℃。在16例病人中咳嗽有7人、乏力6人、胸闷5人、不适4人。其中5人有咳痰,3人痰带血丝。16例病人中白细胞低于正常值范围者3例,大于正常值者1例。16例病人X线胸片均表现为双肺多发片状、斑片状或棉絮状阴影,进展快。潜伏期1～13d,平均为5.8d。病程平均37.4d。16例病人痊愈出院后追踪观察6周均未见复发。结论 本次河南省发生的传染性非典型肺炎的疫情以输入病例为主,主要为外出务工人员,由于采取了积极的有效的预防控制措施使疫情未扩散,续发病例少,无流调和院内医务人员感染,效果良好。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of SARS in Henan Province and provide the basis for establishing scientific and effective prevention and control measures. Methods A case investigation method was used to collect the demographic, epidemiological and clinical data of clinically diagnosed cases through inquiring, examining and consulting medical records. Results The epidemic situation in Henan Province started on April 16, 2003. There were 16 clinically diagnosed cases (one case reported to the Ministry of Health in Shanxi Province), of which 13 cases were imported cases; the onset time was concentrated in April; the cases were sporadic. Clinical manifestations, fever are the symptoms of 16 patients have the highest body temperature up to 40 ℃, the lowest 38 ℃. In 16 patients cough 7, fatigue 6, chest tightness 5, discomfort 4. Five of them had sputum and three had sputum with bloodshot eyes. Among the 16 patients, 3 were below the normal range of white blood cells, 1 was greater than normal. 16 cases of patients with chest X-ray showed multiple flakes, patchy or cotton-like shadows, rapid progress. The incubation period of 1 ~ 13d, an average of 5.8d. The average duration of 37.4d. Sixteen patients recovered after being discharged from the hospital and observed no recurrence within 6 weeks. Conclusions The outbreak of SARS in Henan Province was dominated by imported cases, mainly migrant workers. As a result of active and effective preventive and control measures, the epidemic did not spread. There were fewer follow-up cases, no flow mediation and hospital discharge Medical staff infection, the effect is good.