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为设计可替代固体金属天线且具有小体积、高增益、宽带宽、易重构等特点的圆极化天线,提出一种易于调节形状的液态金属锥形螺旋天线。以应用于海事卫星通信为例,采用HFSS软件对天线进行设计与仿真,利用仿真软件的优化功能对天线进行了阻抗匹配,得到良好的圆极化辐射和阻抗特性。仿真结果表明:天线在整个海事卫星通信工作频带(1 525~1 660.5 MHz)范围内,增益达到8.5d B;轴比<3 d B带宽达到了520 MHz。对比同尺寸同结构的固体金属(铜)天线,轴比带宽超出约30MHz。因此所提出的液态金属锥形螺旋天线在易于可重构前提下,达到了固体金属天线技术要求。
In order to design a circularly polarized antenna that can replace the solid metal antenna and has the characteristics of small volume, high gain, wide bandwidth and easy reconstruction, a liquid metal conical helical antenna with easy shape adjustment is proposed. Taking the maritime satellite communication as an example, the HFSS software is used to design and simulate the antenna. The optimized function of the simulation software is used to match the impedance of the antenna, and good circular polarization and impedance characteristics are obtained. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves a gain of 8.5d B over the entire operating frequency range of maritime satellite communications (1 525 ~ 1 660.5 MHz) and an antenna bandwidth of <3 d with a bandwidth of 520 MHz. Comparing with solid-state metal (copper) antennas of the same size and structure, the axial ratio bandwidth exceeds about 30 MHz. Therefore, the liquid metal cone spiral antenna proposed in the premise of easy reconfiguration, to achieve a solid metal antenna technology requirements.