[目的]分析镇江市2005￣2006年狂犬病流行情况,探讨其流行回升的因素。[方法]收集1981年以来镇江市狂犬病疫情资料及对2005￣2006年流行病学调查资料进行分析。[结果]镇江市2005￣2006年狂犬病疫情波及全市5个辖市、区的15个乡镇;全年9个月有发病,有较明显的夏秋季高峰;60～69岁年龄组年平均发病率0.72/10万为最高,其次为50～59岁组(0.58/10万),最低为3～29岁组(0.05/10万);发病人群以农民为主,占86.67%。肇事动物均为犬类;患者被致伤后,46.67%未作伤口处理,真正规范处理的为零;20%患者在暴露后接种了狂犬疫苗,其中全程接种占66.67%。[结论]养犬数增加而管理滞后,犬的免疫接种率低,患者暴露后伤口处理不及时、不规范或未处理,未注射狂犬疫苗或免疫球蛋白,疫苗的质量等因素是导致镇江市狂犬病疫情回升的原因,因此加大以上各方面的管理是防制狂犬病的有效措施。 [Objective] To analyze the epidemic situation of rabies in Zhenjiang from 2005 to 2006 and discuss the factors of its popularity recovery. [Method] The data of rabies epidemic in Zhenjiang City since 1981 were collected and the epidemiological survey data from 2005 to 2006 were analyzed. [Results] The epidemic of rabies in Zhenjiang from 2005 to 2006 affected 15 villages and towns in 5 municipalities and districts of the whole city. The incidence was 9 months of the year with the obvious peak in summer and autumn. The average annual incidence of 60 to 69 age group 0.72 / 100000 was the highest, followed by 50-59 years old group (0.58 / 100000), the lowest was 3-30 years old group (0.05 / 100000); The incidence of the disease was mainly peasant, accounting for 86.67%. After the patients were injured, 46.67% of them were not treated by wounds, and the actual treatment was zero. 20% of patients were vaccinated with rabies vaccine after vaccination, of which 66.67% were vaccinated in the whole process. [Conclusion] The number of raising dogs was lagging behind, the vaccination rate of dogs was low, the wounds of patients after treatment were not treated in time, irregular or untreated, rabies vaccine or immunoglobulin was not injected, the quality of vaccine was the cause of Zhenjiang Rabies epidemic rise, so to increase management of all aspects above is an effective measure to prevent rabies.