论文部分内容阅读
本试验以八倍体小偃麦为桥梁亲本与普通小麦进行杂交,研究了不同杂交方式的当代结实率,不同杂种世代的育性和若干性状的遗传特点。结果表明:1.八倍体小偃麦与普通小麦没有明显的杂交不亲和性;2.杂种后代的育性随着自交和回交世代的增进而逐渐提高;3.杂种(F_1)的株高与双亲平均值相近,F_1的抽穗期具有明显的倾早性,F_1的穗长和每穗小穗数高于双亲平均值;4.杂种后代变异类型丰富,可以分离并选育出抗病、矮杆、强杆、大穗多花等优良类型,丰富育种的种质资源。因此,利用八倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂交,是将偃麦草的遗传物质导入普通小麦,选育具有偃麦草优良特点的种质材料的有效方法。
In this study, the diploid crosses between the parents of eight triploid plants and common wheat were conducted to study the contemporary seed setting rate, the fertility and the genetic characteristics of several traits in different hybrid generations. The results showed that: 1.There was no obvious incompatibility between octoploidy and common wheat.2.The fertility of offspring increased gradually with the selfing and backcross generations.3. The average height of the parents was similar to that of the parents. The heading date of F_1 had a clear tendency of heading, the spike length of F_1 and the number of spikelets per panicle were higher than the average of parents. 4. The offspring of offspring could be isolated and bred Disease resistance, dwarf bar, strong pole, big spike and other good type, rich breeding germplasm resources. Therefore, it is an effective way to introduce the genetic material of Elytrigia pratense into common wheat and breed the germplasm material which has the excellent characteristics of Elymus longum.