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核壳粒子作为一种新型的微纳米材料,在电学、生物学、磁学、光学以及催化学等不同领域表现出优异的性能,已经引起了国内外学者极大的兴趣和关注。经过近30年的发展,由于二氧化硅具备非凡的性能使其成为了此领域研究最为广泛的包覆材料,进而产生了大量二氧化硅包覆不同粒子的有效方法。综述了几乎所有用来制备二氧化硅包覆材料的方法及这种材料在不同领域兴起的应用,总结了不同包覆方法的优缺点,并对其发展前景进行了简要阐述。
As a new type of micro-nano material, core-shell particles have shown outstanding performance in different fields such as electricity, biology, magnetism, optics and catalysis, which have attracted great interest and attention from domestic and foreign scholars. After nearly 30 years of development, due to its extraordinary properties, silica has become the most widely studied cladding material in this field, resulting in a large number of effective methods for coating different particles with silica. In this paper, almost all the methods used to prepare silica-coated materials and their application in different fields are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of different coating methods are summarized and their development prospects are briefly described.