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目的:观察肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿炎性细胞因子水平，并探讨其在免疫学发病机制中的作用。方法:采用前瞻性研究方法，选择2016年1月至2019年3月在成都医学院第一附属医院确诊的MPP患儿81例作为研究对象，根据急性期病情严重程度分为重症组(37例)和轻症组(44例)。于急性期(发病3～5 d)、恢复期(发病8～15 d)抽取MPP患儿空腹静脉血。选取同期健康体检儿童30名作为对照组，抽取空腹静脉血。检测白细胞介素2(IL-2)、IL-8、IL-10、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、IgG、IgM水平，进行分组比较。结果:MPP患儿急性期、恢复期和对照组血清IL-2、IL-8、IL-10水平差异均有统计学意义(n F值分别为19.242、17.872、4.173，n P值均<0.05)。MPP患儿急性期、恢复期IL-2、IL-10水平明显低于对照组，IL-8水平明显高于对照组；MPP患儿急性期IL-2、IL-10水平明显低于恢复期，IL-8水平明显高于恢复期，差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)。MPP患儿急性期、恢复期和对照组血清IgA、IgG、IgM水平差异均有统计学意义(n F值分别为10.472、13.870、9.702，n P值均<0.05)。MPP患儿急性期、恢复期IgA、IgG、IgM水平明显高于对照组，MPP患儿急性期IgA、IgG、IgM水平明显高于恢复期，差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)。重症组患儿IL-2、IL-10水平明显低于轻症组，IL-8水平明显高于轻症组，差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)。重症组患儿IgA、IgG、IgM水平明显高于轻症组(n P值均<0.05)。激素治疗组、非激素治疗组患儿恢复期IgA、IgG、IgM水平差异无统计学意义。n 结论:炎性细胞因子水平与MPP的病情相关，说明儿童在发生肺炎支原体感染的同时存在包括炎性细胞因子在内的免疫功能紊乱。“,”Objective:To observe the levels of inflammatory cytokines in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP), and to explore its role in immunological pathogenesis mechanism.Methods:In a prospective study, 81 children with MPP diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2016 to March 2019 were selected as the research objects.According to the severity of condition in acute phase, they were divided into the severe group (37 cases) and the mild group (44 cases). In acute stage (3-5 days) and convalescent stage (8-15 days), fasting venous blood was collected.Thirty healthy children were selected as the control group, fasting venous blood was also collected.The levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-8, IL-10, immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG and IgM in fasting venous blood were detected.Results:There were statistical differences in the serum levels of IL-2, IL-8 and IL-10 between acute, convalescent MPP children and control group (n F=19.242, 17.872, 4.173, all n P<0.05). The levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in the acute and convalescent MPP children were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the level of IL-8 was significantly higher than that in the control group (alln P<0.05). The levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in the acute MPP children were significantly lower than those in the convalescent MPP children, and the level of IL-8 was significantly higher than that in the convalescent MPP children, and the differences were statistically significant (alln P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM between acute, convalescent MPP children and the control group (n F=10.472, 13.870, 9.702, all n P<0.05). The levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in acute stage and convalescent stage of MPP children were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in acute stage of MPP children were significantly higher than those in convalescent stage (alln P<0.05). The levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in the severe group were significantly lower than those in the mild group, and the level of IL-8 in the severe group was significantly higher than that in mild group (alln P<0.05). The levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild group (alln P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM between the hormone treatment group and non hormone treatment group.n Conclusions:The levels of inflammatory cytokines are related to the condition of MPP, which indicates that there are immune disorders including inflammatory cytokines in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.