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曾国藩一方面强调礼是无所不包的外在规范,是建立理想社会的保证;另一方面又特别突出史籍中记载的典章制度的作用,以解决当时的现实问题。他对礼学传统的建构反映了兼容汉宋和经史联贯两大特点。在镇压太平军的战争中,曾氏贯彻“礼学经世”的主张重建军礼,反映了对制度和规范的同时重视。同时他重视湘军祭祀,还从礼学中发掘技术因素发展火器。以礼学为凭借来实现近代转型的突出优点是,不必否定本民族的传统以造成不可弥补的文化断裂。
On the one hand, Tseng Kuo-fan emphasized that ritual is an all-encompassing external norm and a guarantee for establishing an ideal society. On the other hand, Zeng emphasized the role of the system of ordinances and clauses recorded in historical records in order to solve the real problems at that time. His tradition of ritual construction reflects the two major characteristics of being compatible with the Han and Song Dynasties. In the war to suppress the Taipings, Tsang’s advocacy of “ritual learning through life” rebuilt the military exercises, reflecting the emphasis placed on the system and norms. At the same time, he attaches great importance to the sacrifices of the Hunan army, but also from the ritual to explore technical factors to develop firearms. The salient advantage of modernizing itself on the basis of rituals is that it is not necessary to negate the traditions of our nation to cause irreparable cultural breaks.