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目的探讨2012年-2015年舟山地区就诊小儿和成人人群过敏原的分布特征。方法选取2012年-2015年在本院门诊和住院小儿患者723例,成人患者1 442例,采用化学发光法和印迹法分别检测血清总IgE和特异性IgE。结果小儿患者可主要分为A组(226例)所有指标阴性、B组(126例)IgE高滴度水平及屋尘螨/粉尘螨(+)及蟑螂(+)、C组(81例)IgE高滴度水平及虾(+)蟹(+)、D组为其他模式。成人患者主要分为E组(412例)所有指标阴性、F组(341例)IgE高滴度水平及蟹(+)、G组IgE中等滴度水平及所有条带(-)、H组为其他。小儿分组中的B组居住地乡村的比例(54.76%)高于A组(28.32%)、C组(32.10%)、D组(30.69%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.77,P<0.01)。成人分组中的F组就诊前3 d内有饮酒史的比例高于E组、G组、H组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.66,P<0.01)。结论应加强本地区儿童接触性过敏原和成人食源性过敏原的监测。
Objective To investigate the distribution of allergens in children and adults in Zhoushan from 2012 to 2015. Methods A total of 723 pediatric patients and 1 442 adult patients in our hospital from 2012 to 2015 were enrolled in this study. Serum total IgE and specific IgE were detected by chemiluminescence and blotting. Results A total of 226 pediatric patients were divided into group A (n = 226), negative group B (n = 126), high titer of IgE and house dust mites / dust mites and cockroaches IgE high titer level and shrimp (+) crab (+), D group for other modes. Adult patients were divided into group E (n = 412), all the indexes were negative, IgE high titers in group F (341 cases) and crab (+) in group F, middle IgE titers and all bands in group G other. In the pediatric group, the proportion of villages living in Group B (54.76%) was higher than that in Group A (28.32%), Group C (32.10%) and Group D (30.69%), with significant difference (χ2 = 28.77, P < 0.01). In the adult group, the proportion of drinking history within 3 days before treatment in group F was higher than that in group E, G and H (χ2 = 23.66, P <0.01). Conclusion The monitoring of contact allergens and adult foodborne allergens in children in this area should be strengthened.