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迁徙和流动是美利坚民族的一个重要特征,美利坚合众国就是在它的人民不断迁徙和流动过程中发展起来的。而美国文学也正是在这种不断迁徙和流动中逐渐产生发展起来的。美国历史学者乔治.皮尔逊把迁徙和流动统称之为M要素。他认为这是形成美利坚这个国家的几种基本力量之一。今天对于我们来说,在不断分析了解美国文学中固有的自由精神以及它的历史成长过程中,努力去研究M要素对研究美国文学的发展是非常必要的。
Migration and mobility are an important feature of the American nation, which the United States of America developed as its people continued to migrate and flow. It is precisely in this constant movement and flow of American literature that gradually developed. George Pearson, the American historian, referred to M as an element of migration and flow. He considered it one of several basic forces that formed the country of the United States. Today, for us, in analyzing and understanding the inherent spirit of freedom inherent in American literature and its historical growth, it is very necessary for us to study M factors to study the development of American literature.