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目的调查宝鸡市吸毒人群艾滋病防治知识、态度及行为状况,并探讨在该人群中开展艾滋病健康教育和行为干预的可行性。方法选取宝鸡市强制戒毒所新入所的380名吸毒人员,由艾滋病防治专业人员集中对其进行艾滋病健康教育和行为干预。干预前后用A、B两种问卷进行艾滋病知识匿名调查。结果戒毒人员中已婚或同居占50.26%,待业人员占35.26%,年龄主要分布在20～50岁,平均吸毒年限8.04年。静脉吸毒占41.05%,其中26.92%有共用注射器行为。通过健康教育和行为干预,戒毒人员的艾滋病知识提高了5.79%～35.26%。男、女吸毒人员认为有必要使用安全套的比例干预后较干预前明显提高(P<0.05)。吸毒者认为今后不会共用针具的比例干预后明显高于干预前(P<0.05)。结论应在吸毒人群中开展广泛的艾滋病知识及毒品危害的健康教育和行为干预,遏制艾滋病在吸毒人群中的蔓延。
Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of HIV / AIDS among drug users in Baoji City and to explore the feasibility of AIDS health education and behavioral intervention in this population. Methods A total of 380 drug addicts in the new entrance to compulsory drug treatment center in Baoji City were enrolled in this study. HIV / AIDS health education and behavioral intervention were focused on by AIDS prevention professionals. Anonymous investigation of HIV / AIDS knowledge using A and B questionnaires before and after the intervention. Results Among the drug addicts, 50.26% were married or cohabited, 35.26% were unemployed, and the age was mainly distributed between 20 and 50 years old. The average life expectancy was 8.44 years. Intravenous drug abuse accounted for 41.05%, of which 26.92% shared syringe behavior. Through health education and behavioral interventions, AIDS knowledge among drug addicts increased by 5.79% -35.26%. The proportion of male and female drug users who considered it necessary to use condoms was significantly higher than that before intervention (P <0.05). The proportion of drug addicts who think they will not share needles in the future is significantly higher than that before intervention (P <0.05). Conclusions A wide range of health education and behavioral interventions on HIV / AIDS and drug hazards should be implemented among drug users to stop the spread of AIDS among drug users.