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目的:探究药物诱导型溶血性贫血在临床中的发生频率。方法:采用微柱凝胶抗球蛋白法对1 595例血标本进行直接抗人球蛋白试验(DAT),对DAT阳性标本采用抗生素类药物诱导型溶血性贫血检测试剂盒(微柱凝胶法)进行抗体特异性分型。结果:1 595例被检者中DAT阳性108例,阳性率为6.77%,DAT阳性类型分布为IgG型28例(25.93%),IgG+C_3型70例(64.81%),C_3型10例(9.26%)。检出自身免疫因素诱导红细胞致敏12例(11.11%),非自身免疫因素96例(88.89%),其中确定为头孢类抗生素诱导红细胞致敏3例(3.13%),非药物依赖性自身抗体8例(8.33%)。有输血史者DAT阳性率显著高于无输血史者(P<0.01)。结论:临床大量使用抗生素类药物的患者有可能诱导机体红细胞致敏而发生药物诱导型溶血性贫血,因此抗生素类药物致敏红细胞的检测具有重要意义。
Objective: To investigate the incidence of drug-induced hemolytic anemia in the clinic. Methods: Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was performed on 1 595 blood samples by microcolumn gel antiglobulin method. Antibiotic-induced hemolytic anemia test kit (microcolumn gel method ) For antibody-specific typing. RESULTS: The positive rate of DAT in 1089 subjects was 108.9%, the positive rate of DAT was 28 (25.93%) in IgG, 70 (64.81%) in IgG + C_3 and 10 9.26%). There were 12 cases (11.11%) of autoimmune diseases induced by autoimmune factors and 96 cases (88.89%) of non autoimmune factors. Among them, 3 cases (3.13%) were sensitized by cephalosporin-induced erythrocytes and non-drug-dependent autoantibodies 8 cases (8.33%). The positive rate of DAT with blood transfusion history was significantly higher than those without transfusion history (P <0.01). Conclusion: It is possible to induce the erythrocyte sensitization and drug-induced hemolytic anemia in patients with clinically extensive use of antibiotics. Therefore, the detection of erythrocytes by the antibiotics is of great significance.