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目的:优化超声波辅助提取双孢蘑菇多糖的工艺条件,评估双孢蘑菇多糖的抗氧化活性。方法:运用超声波辅助热水浸提、乙醇沉淀、Sevag法脱蛋白、乙醇再沉淀的方法提取双孢蘑菇多糖。在单因素(提取温度、提取时间、水料比及超声功率)实验基础上,运用4因素3水平的正交实验,对双孢蘑菇多糖的超声辅助提取参数进行优化。体外化学反应法测量双孢蘑菇多糖的抗氧化活性(还原潜力、清除超氧阴离子活性、清除过氧化氢活性)。结果:超声波辅助提取双孢蘑菇多糖的最优提取条件为提取温度65℃、提取时间40 min、液料比30 mL/g、超声功率170 W。此条件下,多糖的提取得率为5.6 014%。双孢蘑菇粗多糖产品中多糖的含量为75.48%。双孢蘑菇多糖体外具有一定的还原铁离子、清除超氧阴离子和清除过氧化氢能力,并且呈现出剂量-效应关系。结论:超声波辅助提取可以作为提取双孢蘑菇多糖的一种工艺方法;双孢蘑菇多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性,可作为一种天然的抗氧化剂被开发利用。
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus and evaluate the antioxidant activity of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides. Methods: The polysaccharides of Agaricus bisporus were extracted by ultrasonic assisted hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, Sevag deproteinization and ethanol reprecipitation. Based on the experiments of single factor (extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of water to material and ultrasonic power), the parameters of ultrasonic assisted extraction of polysaccharide from Agaricus bisporus were optimized by using orthogonal experiment of 4 factors and 3 levels. Antioxidant activity (reduction potential, scavenging superoxide anion activity, hydrogen peroxide removal activity) of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide was measured by in vitro chemical reaction method. Results: The optimum extraction conditions of polysaccharides extracted by ultrasonic wave were as follows: extraction temperature 65 ℃, extraction time 40 min, liquid to liquid ratio 30 mL / g, ultrasonic power 170 W Under these conditions, the yield of polysaccharide was 5.6 014%. Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide product content of 75.48%. Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide in vitro with a certain reduction of iron ions, scavenging superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide scavenging capacity, and showed a dose-effect relationship. Conclusion: Ultrasound-assisted extraction can be used as a process for the extraction of polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus. Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide has certain antioxidant activity and can be developed and utilized as a natural antioxidant.