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目的利用光镜和透射电镜观察动脉粥样硬化兔窦房结组织,特别是对起搏细胞和过渡细胞结构的影响。方法兔20只,分为对照组和高脂组两组。高脂组饲高脂饮食,对照组饲普通饮食。光镜和透射电镜观察窦房结组织及其细胞、间质的结构变化。结果高脂组心肌组织中有粥样硬化斑块的形成,间质内有大量脂质沉积、浸润。透射电镜下,高脂组起搏细胞和过渡细胞内有大量脂滴,且成纤维细胞、心肌细胞、间质内及髓样结构周围均有脂滴的存在。结论动脉粥样硬化导致窦房结组织脂肪沉积,结内各种细胞脂质化,可能是影响窦房结起搏冲动的产生、发放和传递,导致其电生理活动异常的形态学基础。
Objective To observe the effects of atherosclerotic rabbit sinoatrial node tissue, especially on the structure of pacemaker cells and transitional cells, by light and transmission electron microscopy. Methods Twenty rabbits were divided into two groups: control group and hyperlipidemia group. High-fat group fed high-fat diet, control group fed normal diet. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of the structure of the sinus node tissue and its cells, interstitial changes. Results There was atherosclerotic plaque formation in the hyperlipidemic myocardium with a large amount of lipid deposition and infiltration in the interstitium. Under the transmission electron microscope, there were a large number of lipid droplets in the high-fat group pacemaker cells and transitional cells, and lipid droplets existed in the fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, interstitial and medullary structures. Conclusions Atherosclerosis leads to the deposition of fat in the sinus node tissue and the lipidization of various cells in the node. It may be the morphological basis of abnormal electrophysiological activity that may affect the generation, delivery and delivery of pacemaker impulse in the sinus node.