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[目的]了解降水资源变化特征,为农业灌溉措施的制定提供理论依据。[方法]以东北三省(黑龙江、吉林和辽宁)177个站1971~2008年主要作物生育期(4~9月)的降水为资料,运用小网格插值和气候倾向率方法,分析了生长季降水年际变化和空间分布特征。[结果]东北地区生长季降水量总体上呈减少趋势(降水倾向率为-8.6 mm/10a),1971~1980年是少雨期,1981~1990年是相对多雨期,1991~2008年降水呈明显减少趋势。但这种减少趋势在空间分布上表现并不一致,总体表现在降水量相对少的地区稍有增加趋势,而降水量相对大的地区则呈现明显的减少趋势。[结论]由于生长季降水量减少趋势明显的地区为东北的主要产粮带,因此,由此引发的粮食生产安全问题应引起足够的重视。
[Objective] The research aimed to understand the characteristics of precipitation resources and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of agricultural irrigation measures. [Method] Based on precipitation data of 177 main stations in Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning) from 1971 to 2008 during the main crop growth period (April to September), using the method of small grid interpolation and climate propensity, the growing season Interdecadal Variability and Spatial Distribution of Precipitation. [Result] The precipitation in the growing season in northeast China generally showed a decreasing trend (the precipitation tendency rate was -8.6 mm / 10a), the period from 1971 to 1980 was a little rainy period, and the period from 1981 to 1990 was relatively rainy. The precipitation was obviously from 1991 to 2008 Reduce the trend. However, the decreasing trend is inconsistent in spatial distribution. The overall performance shows a slight increase in the areas with relatively small precipitation, while the areas with relatively large precipitation show a clear decreasing trend. [Conclusion] Due to the obvious decreasing trend of precipitation in growing season, it is the main grain-producing belt in Northeast China. Therefore, the food production safety caused by it should be paid enough attention.