葡萄糖和去极化反应偶联在众多的促胰岛素分泌物质中，葡萄糖占主导地位。它对β细胞的功能有多方面的作用，胰岛素第一相和第二相分泌高峰和控制这些过程的亚细胞机制目前已逐渐清楚。６０年代末Ｄｅａｎ和Ｍａｔｔｈｅｗｓ首次报告了β细胞膜电位的测量结果，在他们的实验中 Glucose and depolarization coupled to a large number of insulinotropic substances, glucose dominant. It plays a multifactorial role in the function of the beta cells, and the subcellular mechanisms by which the first and second phases of insulin are secreted and the processes that control them are now clear. For the first time Dean and Matthews reported measurements of beta cell membrane potential in the late 1960s and in their experiments