悲剧与超越雅斯贝尔斯认为人的知识与能力总是不可避免地要受到限制,人也会努力去克服限制而追求无限。在追求过程中,人有时会付出毁灭人格的惨痛代价,而这就是悲剧。因此,悲剧就发生在意识超出能力的虚空地带。人类正是在反抗不幸,克服悲剧困境的拼死奋斗中,使精神得以提升,悲剧得以转入非悲剧,这便是人类的自我超越。悲剧的现实根基并不在于忍受现世的痛苦和死亡,“悲剧只有在超越一 Tragedy and Transcendence Jaspers believes that human knowledge and ability are always inevitably constrained, and people struggle to overcome them and pursue infinity. In the pursuit of the process, people sometimes pay a painful price to destroy the personality, and this is a tragedy. Therefore, the tragedy occurs in the void beyond consciousness. It is precisely in the desperate struggle to overcome the tragedy that mankind is fighting against misfortune that the spirit can be elevated and the tragedy transformed into a non-tragedy. This is the human self-transcendence. The real foundation of the tragedy does not lie in enduring the suffering and death of the world. ”The tragedy is only beyond one