本文主要目的在揭露与论述心理学领域中的性别意识与性别面貌。文中在论述心理学知识本身的性别面貌时,系以历史发展为主轴,逐步呈现说明主流心理学向以“实证科学”自居,因而也充分显示其男性中心思维与男性化性格。七十年代之后,女性心理学者反扑,反覆检证过去有关性别差异的各项研究,多所斩获。不但发现后天的社会化历程是性别差异的主要缘由,同时,也提出女性自己的视见与发出自己的声音。近年来,一方面生物决定论(先天论)在主流心理学中老调新唱,以演化心理学现身,且有越演越烈之势;另一方面,女性心理学也进而脱胎为女性主义心理学,主张社会建构论,更企图在方法论层次上翻转心理学中的知识与权力,因而使得心理学的内部张力越来越紧绷。在目前的欧美心理学界,性别意识已经进入主流心理学,教科书的书写与论文的发表开始有明显的性别意识。在台湾,却仍多在边缘发声。不过,处于双重弱势的台湾女性主义心理学者,因与本土文化及草根结盟,而展现出特殊的风貌。 The main purpose of this paper is to expose and discuss the gender awareness and gender outlook in psychology. When discussing the gender aspect of psychology knowledge itself, the article takes the historical development as the main axis and gradually shows that the mainstream psychology takes itself as the “positivist science”, thus fully showing its male centered thinking and masculine personality. After the seventies, women psychologists went on to repeatedly vindicate the various studies on gender differences that have taken place in the past. Not only found that acquired socialization is the main reason for gender differences, but also put forward their own women’s views and make their own voices. In recent years, on the one hand, biological determinism (innate theory) turns a new voice in mainstream psychology, appearing as an evolutionary psychology with a tendency to become more and more fierce; on the other hand, female psychology is further born as a feminist Psychology, advocating social constructivism, but also attempt to flip the knowledge and power of psychology on the methodological level, thus making the internal tension of psychology more and more tight. In the current European and American psychology, gender awareness has entered the mainstream of psychology, textbooks and essays published began to have significant gender awareness. In Taiwan, there are still many voices on the verge of death. However, Taiwan feminist psychologists, who are both disadvantaged, have shown their special style because of their alliance with local culture and grassroots culture.