论文部分内容阅读
自 1998年以来 ,在没有预期的状况之下 ,于台湾猛然刮起一股美国夏威夷白对虾(L vannamei)的养殖热潮 ,放养成功度极高 ,有记录之最高产量高达 14～ 15t/hm2 ,为低糜已久的台湾养殖虾业带来了无限的希望 .然而自 1999年初以来 ,白虾大虾养殖业者疾病问题四起 ,大规模养殖成功者屈指可数 .接着 ,大陆沿海各省亦陆续有此白对虾虾苗之引进 ,而从海南、湛江等地的情况看来 ,不明来源的白对虾虾苗亦陆续暴发类似台湾之疫情 .自 1999年6月以来 ,发现在台湾春季放养的白虾苗暴发疫情的比率的确很高 ,但却不至于全军覆没 ,发病现象属于亚急性可复原型 ,发病一段时间后 ,许多都能回趋稳定、有所收成而不致于血本无归 ,甚至于有所收益 .面对此一现象 ,许多养殖业者又燃起一些希望 ,对白虾有了不同的看法 ,并重新调整养殖密度及养殖方法 .相对的 ,对健康虾苗的需求量又再次升高 ,然而白虾苗的生产育苗有别于其他虾种 ,如草虾 (P monodom)及日本斑节对虾 (P japonicus) .因此针对白虾在美国及台湾发展的历程 ,及白虾于产业上的繁殖育种特性以及技术略作分析探讨 .
Since 1998, unexpectedly, there has been a surge in the breeding boom of L vannamei in the United States in Taiwan. The highest stocking rate has been recorded with a record high output of 14-15 t / hm2. However, since the beginning of 1999, there have been four disease problems among white shrimp prawn aquaculture producers, and many have succeeded in large-scale aquaculture. Subsequently, the coastal provinces in mainland China also successively have The introduction of white shrimp shrimp, and from Hainan, Zhanjiang and other places it seems, unknown sources of white shrimp shrimp have also been similar to the outbreak of epidemics in Taiwan since June 1999, found in Taiwan in spring stocking white shrimp Miao outbreak rate is indeed high, but it will not be annihilated, the incidence of subacute reductive phenomenon, the onset of a period of time, many can be back to stabilize, harvest rather than lose out of nothing, even in the Have some benefits .In the face of this phenomenon, many farmers have rekindled some hope, have different views on the white shrimp, and re-adjust the breeding density and farming methods. In contrast, the health of shrimp needs However, the production of white shrimp seedling is different from that of other shrimp species, such as P monodom and P japonicus, and therefore the development of white shrimp in the United States and Taiwan and Reproductive and Breeding Characteristics of White Shrimp in the Industry and Technical Analysis.