论文部分内容阅读
托马斯·库恩仅凭一己之力就改变了“范式”这个词的维度与含义。“结构”和“革命”在库恩《科学革命的结构》(以下简称《结构》)一书的题目中就被醒要地提显了出来。他坚信,科学革命不但真切存在,而且可寻其结构。库恩对这种结构的勾勒显得谨慎非常:常规科学(日常的科学研究工作)具有其特定相应的范式和解决疑难的执着;研究过程必然会催生出某些足以引发理论危机的异常情况;而危机的化解又必然依附于对一种新范式的创究。解决科学疑难的过程很容易使我们联想起诸如填字游戏、拼图和数独这类在正经工作之余打发时间的愉快方式。
Thomas Kuhn, by his own power, has changed the dimension and meaning of the word “paradigm.” “Structure ” and “Revolution ” were raised in the title of Kuhn's “Structure of Science Revolution” (hereinafter referred to as “Structure”). He firmly believes that the scientific revolution will not only exist but also find its structure. Kuhn's cautious outline of this structure is very cautious: conventional science (daily scientific research work) has its own specific paradigm and perseverance to solve problems; the research process will inevitably lead to some anomalies that can trigger a theoretical crisis; and The resolution of the crisis must be attached to the creation of a new paradigm. The process of resolving scientific problems can easily remind us of happy ways of passing time such as crosswords, jigsaw puzzles and sudoku.