先天性鳃源性发育异常并不少见，常表现为颈部囊肿和瘘管，而呈家族性双侧第一、二鳃裂瘘管和囊肿的报告则罕见。作者淤1993年12月13回收抬一呈家族性双侧第一、二鳃级瘘管和囊肿患儿，男．5岁，出生后其颈部中段两侧各有一经孔，挤压时有粘稠状黄色分泌物溢出。其两耳廓前后各 Congenital gill-derived dysplasia is not uncommon, often manifested as cervical cysts and fistulas, and was familial bilateral first, two branchial fistulas and cysts are rare. Author silden December 1993 13 recovery was carried a was a family-wide bilateral first gill fistula and cysts in children, male. 5 years old, after birth on both sides of the middle of each neck have a hole, squeezing a viscous yellow secretions overflow. The two ears before and after each