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目的研究通过阴道超声测量宫颈长度的方法预测早产情况。方法 120例进行产检的孕妇,孕周28~+~36~+周,选择同期、同一孕周的90例先兆早产孕妇,通过阴道超声对其宫颈长度进行测量,同时追踪其分娩结局,对妊娠结局与宫颈长度的相关性进行分析。结果 120例正常产查的孕妇均正常分娩,90例先兆早产的孕妇中26例早产,64例足月分娩。正常顺产组、早产组孕妇宫颈长度平均值与先兆早产组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。根据宫颈长度对早产的特异度、灵敏度以及阳性检测值、阴性检测值预测得出,宫颈越短出现早产的特异性越高,然而灵敏度越低;宫颈长度≤30 mm时出现早产的特异度及灵敏度之和达到最高,阳性检测值为55%,阴性预测值为96%。先兆早产组孕妇宫颈长度<30 mm及>30 mm出现早产的几率分别为53.8%(14/26)及3.8%(1/26),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论宫颈长度经过阴道超声测量对预测早产的几率具有一定的价值,先兆早产孕妇宫颈长度<30 mm时,出现早产的几率较高,能够作为预防早产的危险值。
Objective To study the method of vaginal ultrasound to measure the length of the cervix to predict the status of premature delivery. Methods A total of 120 pregnant women undergoing childbirth were enrolled in the study. Pregnancy was performed in 28 ~ + ~ 36 ~ + weeks of gestational age. Ninety pregnant women with threatened preterm birth during the same period and the same gestational week were enrolled in the study. The length of the cervix was measured by vaginal ultrasound. Outcome and cervical length of the correlation analysis. Results 120 normal pregnant women were normal delivery, premature birth in 90 cases of pregnant women, 26 cases of premature delivery, 64 cases of full-term delivery. The average length of cervical length of pregnant women with normal birth and premature delivery was significantly different from that of premature birth (P <0.01). According to cervical length of preterm delivery of specificity, sensitivity and positive test values, negative test results predicted that the shorter the cervix, the higher the specificity of premature delivery, but the lower the sensitivity; cervical length ≤ 30 mm, the specificity of preterm birth and The sum of sensitivities reached the highest, with a positive test value of 55% and a negative predictive value of 96%. The risk of preterm birth was 3.8% (1/26) and 53.8% (14/26) respectively in the pregnant women with threatened preterm labor group (<30 mm and> 30 mm). The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length has some value in predicting the probability of premature delivery. When the cervical length is less than 30 mm, the risk of premature delivery is high, which can be used as a risk factor to prevent premature birth.