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目的:观察银杏内酯B(GB)抗小鼠胚胎着床的组织形态学与超微结构变化特征。方法:将25只未经产成年雌性昆明小鼠随机分成5组,每组5只,于妊娠第2日右侧子宫角注射不同剂量的GB(2 mg/kg、4 mg/kg、6 mg/kg、8 mg/kg、10 mg/kg)作为实验侧,左侧子宫角注射等量的生理盐水作为阴性对照侧。另取3只孕鼠不作任何处理,作为空白对照组。于妊娠第8日处死小鼠,取子宫组织,观察GB对滋养层细胞和子宫蜕膜细胞组织形态学和超微结构的影响。结果:妊娠第8日,实验侧小鼠胚胎发育不良,子宫壁充血,胚胎总数显著少于阴性对照侧。光镜下观察到实验侧蜕膜相对较薄、绒毛间隙有白细胞浸润、巨细胞结构松散,并有部分蜕膜细胞发生变性和坏死;电镜下观察到实验侧滋养层细胞胞质电子密度减低、出现小空泡、核形态发生改变、蜕膜细胞胞质内溶酶体增多、线粒体发生肿胀,而且随着GB剂量增大(≥8 mg/kg),滋养细胞胞质出现大量溶酶体、核固缩、碎裂,蜕膜细胞胞质亦出现大量溶酶体、核固缩、碎裂,并出现核膜溶解。结论:GB可造成绒毛滋养细胞及蜕膜细胞超微结构的改变,破坏胚胎赖以生存与发育的内环境,从而干扰胚胎着床。
Objective: To observe the histological and ultrastructural changes of ginkgolide B (GB) anti-mouse embryo implantation. Methods: Twenty-five female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 mice in each group. Different doses of GB (2 mg / kg, 4 mg / kg, 6 mg) / kg, 8 mg / kg, 10 mg / kg) as the experimental side, the left uterine horn injection of saline as a negative control side. Another three pregnant rats without any treatment, as a blank control group. Mice were sacrificed on the 8th day of gestation and the uterus was taken for observation of the effect of GB on the histomorphology and ultrastructure of trophoblast cells and uterine decidual cells. Results: On the 8th day of gestation, the experimental mice developed hypoplastic embryos, uterine wall hyperemia, and the total number of embryos was significantly less than that of the negative control. Under the light microscope, the experimental decidua was relatively thin, leukocyte infiltration was found in the villus space, the giant cell structure was loose, and some decidual cells were degenerated and necrotic. The cytoplasmic electron density was reduced under the electron microscope, Small vacuoles appeared, nuclear morphology changed, lysosomes in the cytoplasm of decidual cells increased and mitochondria swollen. With the increase of GB dose (≥8 mg / kg), a large number of lysosomes appeared in the cytoplasm of trophoblast cells, Nuclear condensation, fragmentation, decidual cell cytoplasm also appeared a large number of lysosomes, nuclear pyknosis, fragmentation, and nuclear membrane dissolution. Conclusion: GB can cause changes in the ultrastructure of trophoblasts and decidual cells, disrupt the inner environment of the embryo that depends on its survival and development, and interfere with embryo implantation.