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同学们在日常的学习、工作和生活中,免不了向别人请求做什么,或允许别人去做什么,或建议别人做什么。在英语中我们可以用多种表达方式请求许可,提出我们的建议或征求对方的意见。大多语气比较委婉,显得客气而有礼貌。
1.may可用来表示提出建议或征求对方意见。在回答may引导的疑问句时,肯定回答用Yes, you may. 否定用No, you can’t.或No, you’d better not.如:
—May I take this book home to read?我可以把这本书带回家看吗?
—No, you can’t.不可以。
2.可以用“let’s …”来提出建议或征求对方意见。如:
Let’s make it a little earlier, OK?我们就早一点吧,好吗?
Let’s go and say hello to Mr Smith, shall we?我们去向史密斯先生打声招呼好吧?
3.可以用“What about / How about…?”来提出建议,about是介词,后面要接名词或动名词。如:
What about / How about a drink? 喝一杯怎么样?
What about writing back to him about it ?要不就这件事给他回一封信?
What about / How about 还可以用来询问与上文相关的情况。如:
I’m going there. What about you?我打算去那儿,你呢?
4.可以用“Why not …?”来提出建议,表示“何不……”,not 后面接动词原形。“Why not …?”实际上是“Why don’t we / you…?”的省略形式。如:
Why not meet at the school gate at eight?何不八点在校门口集合?
Why not wear your new coat?为何不穿你那件新外套呢?
Why don’t we stay here another day?我们为什么不在这儿再呆一天呢?
5.had better为情态动词,意为“最好……”,后跟动词原形,其否定形式是在had better后加not。如:
You’d better stay at home today.今天你最好是呆在家里。
You’d better not go out.你最好别出去。
6.可以用“Would/Could you please…?”表示建议或请求,这里would/could并非是动词过去式,而是表示说话者语气较为委婉。如:
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office?请你告诉我怎么到邮局好吗?
Would you please go hiking with me?和我一起去远足好吗?
7.可以用“Will you…?”表示委婉地建议或请求。如:
Will you go to Jinan with us?你和我们一起去济南好吗?
Will you tell me wherethe nearest bookshop is?你告诉我最近的书店在哪里好吗?
8.shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见。如:
Shall we go swimming this afternoon?今天下午我们去游泳好吗?
Shall I open the window and close the door?我把窗户打开,把门关上,好吗?
Shall he come in and see you?让他进来见你好吗?
9. “Don’t 动词原形…”属于命令式祈使句,表示较强烈的请求,含有禁止的意味。
Don’t be late next time, please.下次请不要再迟到了。
Please don’t call me Tom. My name is Tim.请不要叫我汤姆,我叫蒂姆。
10. 可以用“Would you like…?”来提出建议,意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like 后可接名词或不定式。如:
Would you like a cup of tea? 你想要杯茶吗?
Would you like to go and see her?你想要去见她吗?
如果我们要说:“去散散步好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法:
(1)Shall we go for a walk?
(2)What about / How about going for a walk?
(3)Why not go for a walk?
(4)Would you like to go for a walk?
(5)Let’s go for a walk.
注意两点:
1.这几种表达可能在语气上稍有差异,但都表示了同一个提议,因此在意思上几乎是一样的。
2.对于上述句子的肯定回答一般可以说:Yes, please. /OK./All right./Good idea./Sure./Certainly./Yes, I’d like/love to.
中考再现:
1. —May I borrow your ruler?
—Certainly. ___________ .(2005年北京市)
A. Hold on, pleaseB. It doesn’t matterC. Here you areD. Not at all
2. —Hello! Could I speak to Mr Smith?
—__________ . Please call back later.(2005年山西省)
A. Wait a minute B. Hold on for a moment
C. Speaking D. Sorry, he isn’t in
3. —Can you come and play football with me?
—__________ . I have a lot of work to do.(2003年甘肃省)
A. Excuse me B. I hope soC. I’m afraid not D. It’s a pleasure
4. —Would you like to go out for a walk with us?
—__________ , but I must finish my homework first.(2004年北京市)
A. Of course not B. That’s all right C. I’d love toD. Yes, I do
5. —Tickets, please! May I see your ticket, madam?
—__________ (2005年甘肃省)
A. I have no ticket. B. What did you say?
C. Sure. Here it is.__________ D. No, you mustn’t.
6. —May I take this magazine out of the reading room?
—__________ . Please read it here.(2005年深圳市)
A. Certainly B. No, you needn’t
C. No, you can’t D. No, you may not
Keys: CDCCCC
1.may可用来表示提出建议或征求对方意见。在回答may引导的疑问句时,肯定回答用Yes, you may. 否定用No, you can’t.或No, you’d better not.如:
—May I take this book home to read?我可以把这本书带回家看吗?
—No, you can’t.不可以。
2.可以用“let’s …”来提出建议或征求对方意见。如:
Let’s make it a little earlier, OK?我们就早一点吧,好吗?
Let’s go and say hello to Mr Smith, shall we?我们去向史密斯先生打声招呼好吧?
3.可以用“What about / How about…?”来提出建议,about是介词,后面要接名词或动名词。如:
What about / How about a drink? 喝一杯怎么样?
What about writing back to him about it ?要不就这件事给他回一封信?
What about / How about 还可以用来询问与上文相关的情况。如:
I’m going there. What about you?我打算去那儿,你呢?
4.可以用“Why not …?”来提出建议,表示“何不……”,not 后面接动词原形。“Why not …?”实际上是“Why don’t we / you…?”的省略形式。如:
Why not meet at the school gate at eight?何不八点在校门口集合?
Why not wear your new coat?为何不穿你那件新外套呢?
Why don’t we stay here another day?我们为什么不在这儿再呆一天呢?
5.had better为情态动词,意为“最好……”,后跟动词原形,其否定形式是在had better后加not。如:
You’d better stay at home today.今天你最好是呆在家里。
You’d better not go out.你最好别出去。
6.可以用“Would/Could you please…?”表示建议或请求,这里would/could并非是动词过去式,而是表示说话者语气较为委婉。如:
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office?请你告诉我怎么到邮局好吗?
Would you please go hiking with me?和我一起去远足好吗?
7.可以用“Will you…?”表示委婉地建议或请求。如:
Will you go to Jinan with us?你和我们一起去济南好吗?
Will you tell me wherethe nearest bookshop is?你告诉我最近的书店在哪里好吗?
8.shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见。如:
Shall we go swimming this afternoon?今天下午我们去游泳好吗?
Shall I open the window and close the door?我把窗户打开,把门关上,好吗?
Shall he come in and see you?让他进来见你好吗?
9. “Don’t 动词原形…”属于命令式祈使句,表示较强烈的请求,含有禁止的意味。
Don’t be late next time, please.下次请不要再迟到了。
Please don’t call me Tom. My name is Tim.请不要叫我汤姆,我叫蒂姆。
10. 可以用“Would you like…?”来提出建议,意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like 后可接名词或不定式。如:
Would you like a cup of tea? 你想要杯茶吗?
Would you like to go and see her?你想要去见她吗?
如果我们要说:“去散散步好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法:
(1)Shall we go for a walk?
(2)What about / How about going for a walk?
(3)Why not go for a walk?
(4)Would you like to go for a walk?
(5)Let’s go for a walk.
注意两点:
1.这几种表达可能在语气上稍有差异,但都表示了同一个提议,因此在意思上几乎是一样的。
2.对于上述句子的肯定回答一般可以说:Yes, please. /OK./All right./Good idea./Sure./Certainly./Yes, I’d like/love to.
中考再现:
1. —May I borrow your ruler?
—Certainly. ___________ .(2005年北京市)
A. Hold on, pleaseB. It doesn’t matterC. Here you areD. Not at all
2. —Hello! Could I speak to Mr Smith?
—__________ . Please call back later.(2005年山西省)
A. Wait a minute B. Hold on for a moment
C. Speaking D. Sorry, he isn’t in
3. —Can you come and play football with me?
—__________ . I have a lot of work to do.(2003年甘肃省)
A. Excuse me B. I hope soC. I’m afraid not D. It’s a pleasure
4. —Would you like to go out for a walk with us?
—__________ , but I must finish my homework first.(2004年北京市)
A. Of course not B. That’s all right C. I’d love toD. Yes, I do
5. —Tickets, please! May I see your ticket, madam?
—__________ (2005年甘肃省)
A. I have no ticket. B. What did you say?
C. Sure. Here it is.__________ D. No, you mustn’t.
6. —May I take this magazine out of the reading room?
—__________ . Please read it here.(2005年深圳市)
A. Certainly B. No, you needn’t
C. No, you can’t D. No, you may not
Keys: CDCCCC