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本研究是结合育种实践,连续进行了五年的试验。主要是探讨水稻不同生态型亲本组合以及不同生态型的双亲生育期差异对 F_1和 F_2抽穗期的影响。试验结果,F_1抽穗期表现为:双亲生态型差异大的,F_1超早超晚均突出,双亲生态型相近的,F_1倾早倾晚机率相差不大。而 F_1的倾早倾晚与双亲生育期差异无趋向性的关系。F_1抽穗期的显性效应均不明显。F_2抽穗期的分离变幅表现为:双亲抽穗期相差越小,超早百分率越高;反之,相差越大则越低。另方面,双亲生态型差异越大,倾晚越突出;反之,生态型相近则倾早倾晚均不明显。抽穗期的遗传力和预期的遗传进度均达很高水准;双亲和 F_2的回归、相关均极显著;表型变异系数和基因变异系数相近,均很小。总括试验结果,水稻抽穗期的变异主要受遗传的制约。
This study is a combination of breeding practice, continuous five-year trial. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different parental combinations of parents and different parental periods on the heading date of F 1 and F 2. The results showed that the F_1 heading date showed that there was a big difference in parents ecotypes, and the early and late F_1 were both prominent and the parents’ ecotypes were similar. However, there was no trend in the difference between early and late F_1 inclination and parental growth period. The heading effect of F_1 at heading stage was not obvious. F_2 heading stage of the separation luffing performance: the smaller the difference between the heading date of parents, the early ultra-high percentage; the other hand, the greater the difference between the lower. On the other hand, the greater the difference between parents’ ecological type, the more prominent the night; the other hand, the ecological type is similar to the early pouring night is not obvious. The heritability and expected genetic progress at heading stage reached a very high level. The correlation between parents and F_2 was extremely significant. The coefficient of phenotypic variation and gene mutation were very similar. Collectively, the variation of heading date in rice is mainly controlled by the genetics.