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黄柳是内蒙古中东部地区重要的固沙先锋植物。采用RAPD分子标记技术,对内蒙古境内黄柳4个天然种群的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行了分析。用13个引物对4个种群的36个个体进行扩增,共检测到153个位点,其中有128个多态位点,多态位点百分比(PPB)达83.66%,种群内的多态位点百分比变化范围为88.24%-96.08%,说明黄柳种群的遗传多样性较为丰富。遗传分化系数(Gst=13.79%)表明黄柳的遗传变异主要以种群内的遗传变异为主(86.21%),种群间的基因流较大(Nm=3.13)。对黄柳种群间的遗传距离与地理距离做相关性分析,发现二者呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.953,P<0.01)。黄柳的繁育方式和种群间频繁的基因流等因素可能是造成上述结果的主要原因。应就地保护和合理利用黄柳的遗传资源,以维持其较高的遗传多样性。
Huangliu is an important sand-fixing pioneer plant in the central and eastern Inner Mongolia. The genetic diversity and genetic structure of four natural populations of Huangliu in Inner Mongolia were analyzed by RAPD markers. Thirteen primers were used to amplify 36 individuals of four populations. A total of 153 loci were detected, of which 128 polymorphic loci, the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) was 83.66%, and the polymorphism The percentage change of the loci ranged from 88.24% to 96.08%, indicating that the genetic diversity of the Huangliu population is rich. The coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst = 13.79%) showed that the genetic variation of Huangliu was mainly genetic variation within the population (86.21%), and the gene flow between the populations was large (Nm = 3.13). There was a significant positive correlation between the genetic distance and the geographical distance between the two populations (r = 0.953, P <0.01). Factors such as the breeding methods of Huangliu and frequent gene flow among populations may be the main reason for the above results. Huangliu’s genetic resources should be protected and rationally used in order to maintain their high genetic diversity.