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一、形态特征杉木为常绿乔木针叶树种,高可达30米以上,胸径可达1~3米,干表通直,树冠呈尖塔形或圆锥形。树皮灰褐色,内皮淡红色、纵裂。小枝近对生或轮生,冬芽卵圆形,针叶3~6厘米,呈螺旋状着生。花雌雄同株,雄球花多数簇生于树冠中至下部;雌球花单生或簇生,多集中于树冠中上部的枝顶。球果为球形或长圆形,长3~6厘米,径2.5~3.0厘米。发育的果球鳞面着生3粒种子,种子扁平。开花期在4~5月,结果期在10~11月。
First, the morphological characteristics of fir evergreen arbor coniferous species, up to 30 meters high, diameter up to 1 to 3 meters, dry table straight, crown was pointed tower or conical. Bark beige, inner reddish, longitudinal crack. Twigs almost opposite or whorled, winter bud oval, conifers 3 to 6 cm, was a spiral with students. Flowers hermaphrodites, the majority of male flowers are clustered in the crown to the lower part; female flowers single or clustered flowers, mostly in the crown in the upper part of the top. Cones are spherical or oblong, 3 to 6 cm long, 2.5 to 3.0 cm in diameter. The pistil of the development is covered with 3 seeds and the seeds are flat. Flowering in April to May, the results in the 10 to November.