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目的:观察上矢状窦腔内纤维索的形态分类、分布,了解纤维索的功能和意义。方法:10具尸头标本,沿上矢状窦上壁长轴中线纵行剖开,体视学显微镜下观察腔内各种纤维索的形态分类、分布特点,记录各类纤维索的数目。结果:纤维索多分布于上矢状窦中段和后段,主要有3种类型:瓣膜状、小梁状和板层状。10具标本纤维索总数210个,瓣膜状纤维索100个,小梁状纤维索64个,板层状纤维索46个,分别占总数的47.62%、30.47%和21.91%。瓣膜状纤维索覆盖大脑上静脉注入上矢状窦的入口处,开口方向和静脉注入上矢状窦方向相同;小梁状纤维索以单个、多个或不同角度交叉方式出现,位于窦中央或一侧;板层状纤维索宽大,跨度长,将上矢状窦管腔分隔成两个分流腔,几乎都位于上矢状窦后段。结论:(1)上矢状窦内纤维索有瓣膜状、小梁状和板层状3种类型;(2)瓣膜状纤维索,具有防止窦内血流逆流入大脑上静脉的作用;(3)小梁状纤维索有增加窦壁弹性、增强窦壁抗压性、为瓣膜状纤维索提供摆动的着力点等作用;(4)板层状纤维索可以防止血流变慢和血液湍流、保证窦内血液迅速向窦汇回流。
Objective: To observe the morphological classification and distribution of fibrous cords in the superior sagittal sinus and to understand the function and significance of fibrous cords. Methods: Ten cadaveric specimens were cut along the longitudinal axis of the superior sagittal wall. The morphological classification and distribution of various fibrous cords were observed under stereomicroscope. The number of all kinds of fibrous cords was recorded. Results: Fibroids were mostly distributed in the middle and posterior segments of the superior sagittal sinus. There were three major types: fibrous, trabecular and lamellar. There were 210 specimens with 10 specimens, 100 specimens with fibrous tracts, 64 trabecular fibers and 46 lamellar fibers, accounting for 47.62%, 30.47% and 21.91% of the total, respectively. The valvular fibrous cord covers the entrance of the superior sagittal sinus at the entrance of the superior cerebral vein with the same direction as the superior sagittal sinus; the trabecular-like fibrous cord appears as a single, multiple, or different angle crossing at the center of the sinus or One side; lamellar fiber cable width, long span, the superior sagittal sinus cavity is divided into two shunt cavity, almost all located in the superior sagittal sinus posterior segment. Conclusions: (1) The superior sagittal sinus has three types of valvular, trabecular and lamellar fibroids; (2) the valve-like fibrous cord has the effect of preventing reverse flow of sinus blood flow into the cerebral vein; ( 3) trabecular fiber cable has increased sinus wall elasticity, increased sinusoidal pressure resistance, valvular fibrous cord to provide the swing point of focus and so on; (4) lamellar fiber cable to prevent slow blood flow and blood turbulence, to ensure Sinus blood sinus quickly return to the sink.