通过理论分析和文献综述,阐述了长期过量不合理开采地下流体是城市密集化高层建筑等地面沉降形成的原因,详细分析和简述了地面沉降给沿海地区带来的危害以及地面沉降的概况、发展趋势。最后,提出了“预防为主,防治结合”防治策略,如加强宣传、建立地面沉降观测网、地下水回灌、调整采水层等防治措施。 Through theoretical analysis and literature review, the reasons for the formation of ground subsidence caused by long-term over-irrational exploitation of underground high-rise buildings are elaborated. The hazards brought by land subsidence to coastal areas and the general situation of land subsidence are analyzed in detail. development trend. Finally, we put forward some prevention and control strategies such as strengthening publicity, establishing land subsidence observational network, recharge of groundwater, adjusting aquifer and so on.