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目的：探讨应用于临床器官移植的组织配型新技术。方法：采用快速ＤＮＡ抽提技术，建立微量ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ－ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ／ＤＱＢ基因分型方法，并与单克隆抗体一步法分型结果进行对比研究。结果：应用２种方法对７３份标本进行ＨＬＡ－Ⅱ类抗原／基因分型，结果完全相符，但微量ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ法不但快速、需血量少，而且分辨率高。结论：微量ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ法具有快速、准确、省血等优点，适合在临床器官移植配型中推广应用。
Objective: To explore the new technique of tissue matching applied in clinical organ transplantation. Methods: The genotyping method of PCR-SSP-HLA-DRB / DQB was established by rapid DNA extraction and compared with the results of one-step typing by monoclonal antibody. Results: HLA-Ⅱantigen / genotyping was performed in 73 samples using the two methods. However, the PCR-SSP method was not only rapid but also required less blood and had higher resolution. Conclusion: The micro-PCR-SSP method has the advantages of fast, accurate, blood-saving and other advantages, suitable for clinical application in the matching of organ transplantation.