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Serious soil erosion has made the eco-environment fragile in the Loess Plateau. Based on the 10-year da-ta observed from 1989 to 1998 in the Ziwuling Survey Station in loess hilly region, the eco-environment change and soil erosion process in reclaimed forestland were studied in this paper. The results showed that the intensity of man-made soil erosion caused by forestland reclamation was 1000 times more than that of the natural erosion. From the analysis of soil physical and mechanical properties, in the 10th year after forestland was reclaimed, the clay content and physical clay content decreased 2.74 percentage point and 3.01 percentage point respectively, the ＞0.25mm water-stable aggregate content decreased 31.59 percentage point, the soil bulk density increased and soil shear strength de-creased, all of which were easier to cause soil erosion. The correlation analysis showed that ＞0.25mm waterstable ag-gregate content was the key factor affecting soil erosion, and the secondary factors were soil coarse grain and soil shear strength. The relation between the ＞0.25mm waterstable aggregate content, the soil sheer strength and the soil erosion intensity were analyzed, which showed that the first year and the seventh erosion year were the turn years of the soil erosion intensity after the forestland was reclaimed, revealed that the change ofeco-environment was the main cause to accelerate soil erosion, and the worse environment caused soil erosion to be serious rapidly.