社会主义社会在没有可分割的和可转让的固定资产所有制,也即私人所有制的情况下,市场能否有效地运转是个老问题。早在30年代西方学术界就对此进行争论。一种意见认为,在公有制中没有资本市场,产品价格就反映不出资本的机会成本。只有企业之间为谋求最充分地利用资本展开竞争才能作出有效的估价。另一种看法是,只要设计出一种“竞争性的市 In a socialist society without the divisible and transferable ownership of fixed assets, that is, private ownership, it is an old question whether the market can function effectively. As early as the 30’s Western academic debate on this. One opinion is that in the absence of a capital market in public ownership, the product price reflects the opportunity cost of capital. Only businesses that compete for the fullest use of capital can make an effective valuation. Another view is that as long as the design of a "competitive city