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目的 阐明饮水氟含量与儿童肾损害的剂量-效应关系,并观察饮水氟含量相同的地区氟斑牙患者与高氟负荷人群之间肾功能有无差异。方法 根据饮水氟含量和是否患氟斑牙将2 10名儿童分为七组,测定各组人群尿和血清氟含量及尿液N 乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)和γ谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GT)活性。结果 氟中毒病区人群尿和血清氟含量均高于对照组,并随饮水氟含量增加而升高;饮水氟含量为2 .15～2 . 96mg /L的地区氟斑牙患者及饮水氟含量>3 0mg/ L的地区高氟负荷人群和氟斑牙患者尿NAG和γ- GT活性均显著高于对照组,并均存在显著的剂量-效应关系;饮水氟含量相同的地区氟斑牙患者和高氟负荷人群尿NAG和γ- GT活性无显著性差异。结论 饮用氟含量>2. 0mg /L的水可导致儿童肾损害,且损害程度随饮水氟含量增加而增强;肾功能损害程度与是否患氟斑牙无直接关系,主要取决于饮水中的氟含量。
Objective To clarify the dose-effect relationship between fluoride content in drinking water and renal damage in children and to observe whether there is any difference in renal function between dental fluorosis patients and those with high fluoride content in drinking water with the same fluoride content. Methods 210 children were divided into seven groups according to fluoride content in drinking water and dental fluorosis. Urinary and serum fluoride levels and urine N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and γ-glutamyl transferase γ-GT) activity. Results The urinary and serum fluoride levels of fluorosis group were higher than those of control group, and increased with the increase of fluoride content in drinking water. The fluoride content of drinking water fluoride group was 2.15 ~ 2.96 mg / L, Urine NAG and γ-GT in patients with high fluoride load and dental fluorosis were significantly higher than those in the control group at> 30 mg / L, and there was a significant dose-effect relationship. Patients with dental fluorosis who had the same fluoride content in drinking water There was no significant difference in urinary NAG and γ-GT activity between high-fluoride-loaded population and control group. Conclusion Drinking water with fluoride content> 2.0mg / L can lead to kidney damage in children, and the degree of damage increases with the increase of fluoride in drinking water. The degree of renal dysfunction is not directly related to the presence of dental fluorosis, which mainly depends on the fluoride content.