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研究了由清华大学核能技术设计研究院研制的自然循环5MW低温堆加热启动过程中的流动特性。实验研究在模拟5MW核供热反应堆的热工水力学实验回路HRTL-5上进行。描述了不同类型的两相流稳定性,即geysering,闪蒸不稳定性及低干度密度波不稳定性对加热启动过程的影响。阐述了闪蒸不稳定性的机理。在此研究基础上,提出低温堆从初始状态向沸水工况的过渡的具体措施。提出用小热流密度,小进口过冷度实现压水-沸水过渡的方法。通过仔细地选择热工参数,可以获得5MW低温堆稳定的加热启动过程。
The flow characteristics of natural circulation 5MW low temperature reactor during heating and starting process developed by Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research of Tsinghua University were studied. Experimental studies were conducted on the HRTL-5, a thermodynamic and hydraulics experimental loop simulating a 5 MW nuclear reactor. The effects of different types of two-phase flow stability, ie geysering, flash instability and low-density-density wave instability on the heating start-up process are described. The mechanism of flash instability is expounded. On the basis of this study, the concrete measures for the transition of cryogenic reactor from the initial state to the boiling water condition are put forward. Proposed a small heat flux density, small inlet subcooling pressure water - boiling water transition method. By careful selection of thermal parameters, a 5MW low temperature reactor can be stably heated to start the process.