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目的了解河北省桥东区城市居民高血压的患病情况及其影响因素。方法收治的采用多阶段整群分层随机抽样的方法,对桥东区6个居委会17周岁及以上常住居民1 903人进行高血压影响因素调查及相应的健康检查。结果高血压患病率随年龄增加而升高(χ2=420.45,P=0.000)。单因素分析显示年龄、文化水平、婚姻状况、腰围、体质指数(BMI)、食盐量、心脑血管疾病家族史等与高血压患病有关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。经多因素分析显示:不幸婚姻(OR:3.507,95%CI:2.122~5.795)、腰围大(OR:1.396,95%CI:1.112~1.937)、食盐量多(OR:1.049,95%CI:1.004~1.096)、有高血压家族史(OR:3.146,95%CI:2.151~4.602)、年龄大(OR:2.017,95%CI:1.800~2.260)、超重或肥胖(OR:2.386,95%CI:1.886~3.017)为高血压患病的危险因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论应加强高血压的三级预防工作,开展知识讲座、控制肥胖、低盐膳食、心理疏导等进而降低高血压的患病率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension among urban residents in Qiaodong District of Hebei Province and its influential factors. Methods The multi-stage cluster stratified random sampling method was adopted to investigate the influencing factors of hypertension and the corresponding health examination on 1 903 permanent residents aged 17 years and over in 6 neighborhood committees in Qiaodong district. Results The prevalence of hypertension increased with age (χ2 = 420.45, P = 0.000). Univariate analysis showed that age, education level, marital status, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), salt content and family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were related to the prevalence of hypertension (P <0.05, P <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the amount of salt was higher in unfortunate marriage (OR: 3.507,95% CI: 2.122-5.795), waist circumference (OR: 1.396,95% CI: 1.112-1.937) (OR: 2.017, 95% CI: 1.800 ~ 2.260), overweight or obesity (OR: 2.386, 95% CI: CI: 1.886 ~ 3.017) were the risk factors of hypertension (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusions Third-grade prevention of hypertension should be strengthened, lectures on knowledge, control of obesity, low-salt diet, psychological counseling, etc. should be conducted to reduce the prevalence of hypertension.