现代儒学与原本儒学的差异,无疑是因为原来的儒学观念在汉代被精心整理过。当时,人们把儒学同其他几个中国古代最重要的哲学流派结合起来了。这点是人所共知的。但显然,汉代对儒学的改造并非唯一一次对儒学的大规模修正。远在战国时代,孔子死后百多年,就出现了对儒学进行大相径庭阐释的哲学论著《孟子》和《荀子》。汉代儒学主要立足于《孟子》;这样,甚至《孟子》中原本的儒学成分也不是源于原本儒学了,而仅仅源于对儒学的阐释之一。再早些,即孔子死后不久,他的弟子们就对孔子的观点作了五花八门的解释,这一事实在中国学术史上是被 The difference between modern Confucianism and the original Confucianism is undoubtedly due to the original concept of Confucianism being carefully arranged in the Han Dynasty. At that time, Confucianism was combined with several other most important philosophical schools of ancient China. This is well known. However, it is clear that the Han Dynasty’s reform of Confucianism was not the only major revision of Confucianism. Far in the Warring States period, more than a hundred years after the death of Confucius, there emerged the philosophical works Mencius and Xunzi, which interpret Confucianism in vastly different ways. Confucianism in Han dynasty was mainly based on “Mencius”; thus, even the original Confucianism in Mencius did not originate from the original Confucianism, but only from one of the interpretations of Confucianism. Shortly after Confucius’ death, his disciples made a wide-ranging explanation of Confucius’s views. This fact was